航天模型，顧名思義是仿航天器外形制作的一種可回收模型，隸屬于航空模型，是供運(yùn)動(dòng)用的一種不載人的飛行器，其動(dòng)力為模型火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，即一種微型固體火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。由于航天模型多呈火箭狀，故通稱火箭模型。換句話說，火箭模型是指不利用氣動(dòng)升力去克服重力，而是靠火箭模型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)推進(jìn)升空的一種航天模型；它裝有使之安全返回地面的以便再次飛行的回收裝置；為確保安全，它的結(jié)構(gòu)部件必須由非金屬材料制成。

Aerospace model, as the name suggests, is a recoverable model made by imitating the shape of spacecraft, which belongs to aviation model. It is a kind of unmanned aircraft for operation. Its power is model rocket motor, that is, a kind of micro solid rocket motor. Because space models are mostly rocket like, they are generally called rocket models. In other words, the rocket model is a kind of space model, which is propelled by rocket model engine instead of using aerodynamic lift to overcome gravity; It is equipped with a recovery device to make it return to the ground safely so as to fly again; To ensure safety, its structural components must be made of non-metallic materials.

模型火箭雖小，然而它要靠火箭模型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)推進(jìn)才能在大氣中飛行。因此，設(shè)計(jì)和制做火箭模型需要多方面的知識(shí)，如空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)、火箭飛行力學(xué)等。要研究火箭模型在空氣中飛行的穩(wěn)定性和空氣對它的阻力；要分析火箭的飛行軌跡，計(jì)算它的飛行高度；有條件時(shí)，還可以對模型火箭進(jìn)行風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)，確定火箭外形；進(jìn)行模型火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)靜態(tài)性能測試試驗(yàn)，測量推力和工作時(shí)間，計(jì)算總沖量。

Although the model rocket is small, it can fly in the atmosphere only when it is propelled by the model rocket engine. Therefore, the design and manufacture of rocket model need many aspects of knowledge, such as aerodynamics, rocket flight mechanics and so on. It is necessary to study the stability of the rocket model flying in the air and the resistance of the air to it; It is necessary to analyze the flight path of the rocket and calculate its flight altitude; If conditions permit, wind tunnel test can be carried out on the model rocket to determine the shape of the rocket; The static performance test of the model rocket engine is carried out, the thrust and working time are measured, and the total impulse is calculated.

在發(fā)達(dá)國家的一些高等學(xué)校里，在理工科有關(guān)的課程上，甚至一些中學(xué)的物理課上，教師們經(jīng)常以火箭模型作為講課的題材，并在此基礎(chǔ)上指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展一些課題研究和火箭模型的制作。

In some colleges and universities in developed countries, in science and engineering related courses, and even in some middle school physics classes, teachers often take rocket model as the subject of lectures, and on this basis, guide students to carry out some research and rocket model production.

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